miércoles, 19 de noviembre de 2014

To do and do not



TO DO" (tu du) COMO AUXILIAR
El verbo "TO DO" tiene también dos funciones: la de verbo principal, en cuyo caso significa "hacer", "ejecutar" y la de auxiliar en la que no tiene traducción literal al Español.
"TO DO" como verbo auxiliar se usa con dos fines:
1ero: Para hablar poniendo mayor énfasis en lo que decimos; por ejemplo:
Se puede decir "Yo leo en Inglés" como I read in English" (ái ríid in ínglish) y es una frase simple. Pero si queremos por algún motivo poner énfasis en lo que hablamos decimos "efectivamente leo Inglés" (como para que no quede ninguna duda), en Inglés sería: " I do read in English" (ái du ríid in ínglish)
"DO" en este caso no tiene traducción literal sino que sencillamente se usa en esta oración con el objetivo de enfatizar.
2do: El auxiliar "TO DO" se utiliza además para formular preguntas de la misma forma que "TO BE", esto es poniéndolo al principio de la oración. Ejemplos:
De la afirmación:
You speak English.
(iú spíik ínglish)
Usted habla Inglés.
Se puede formar una interrogación anteponiéndole el auxiliar "TO DO":
Do you speak English?
(du iú spíik ínglish)
¿Habla usted Inglés?
Nota: Observe como "TO DO" no tiene traducción literal, su función es únicamente formar la interrogación.
Ejemplos:
Do you understand? ¿Entiende usted?
(du iú anderstánd)
Do you study? ¿Estudia usted?
(du iú stádi)
Las respuestas a estas preguntas pueden tener varias formas pero se debe recordar que si se hace la pregunta con "TO DO" hay que responder también con "TO DO." Ejemplos:
Pregunta:
Do you understand?
(du iú anderstánd)
Respuestas:
Afirmativas:
Yes.
(iés)
Yes, I do. (enfática)
(iés, ái du)
Yes, I do understand. (más enfática)
(iés, ái du anderstánd)
Negativas:
No.
(nóu)
No, I do not.
(nóu, ái du not)
No, I do not understand.

(nóu, ái du not anderstánd)


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jueves, 13 de noviembre de 2014

Artificial intelligence


“"can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it."[8] This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and the ethics of creating artificial beings endowed with human-like intelligence, issues which have been addressed by myth, fiction and philosophy since antiquity.[9] Artificial intelligence has been the subject of tremendous optimism[10] but has also suffered stunning setbacks.[11] Today it has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing the heavy lifting for many of the most challenging problems in computer science”

https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/blogs/admin/artificial-intelligence
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/descartes/
http://www.rep.routledge.com/article/V038
http://www.avatargeneration.com/2012/10/10-ways-artificial-intelligence-can-reinvent-education/


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martes, 11 de noviembre de 2014

Beautifull Mexico



“They are not materialistic and are content with a simple balance of family, religion and modest living.”
“He fought for political and economic emancipation of the peasants in southern Mexico.”

“The idea of human sacrifice has its roots in deep prehistory,[4] in the evolution of human behaviour. From its historical occurrences it seems mostly associated with neolithic or nomadic cultures, on the emergent edge of civilization.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutocracy
http://www.aporrea.org/contraloria/n260367.html
http://www.forbes.com/sites/doliaestevez/2013/07/02/mexico-a-beautiful-country-with-a-poor-reputation/
http://www.mexicotruth.com/WhyMexico.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Revolution
http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1525653
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_sacrifice
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domingo, 2 de noviembre de 2014

Modal verbs



Affirmative
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
may
go
come
work
live
speak
...

Negative
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
may not
go
come
work
live
speak
...


Interrogative
May
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
go ?
come ?
work ?
live ?
speak ?
...


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can-can






Modal Use
Positive Forms
1. = Present   2. = Past   3. = Future
Negative Forms
1. = Present   2. = Past   3. = Future
You can also use:
can
general ability
1. I can speak Chinese.
2. SHIFT TO "COULD"
I could speak Chinese when I was a kid.
3. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
I will be able to speak Chinese by the time I finish my course.
1. I can't speak Swahili.
2. SHIFT TO "COULD"
I couldn't speak Swahili.
3. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
I won't be able to speak Swahili.
be able to
can
ability during a specific event
1. With a burst of adrenaline, people can pick up cars.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
With a sudden burst of adrenaline, he was able to lift the car off the child's leg.
3. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
With a sudden burst of adrenaline, he will be able to lift the car.
1. Even with a burst of adrenaline, people can't pick up something that heavy.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
Even the weight lifter, wasn't able to lift the car off the child's leg.
3. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
Even three men working together won't be able to lift the car.
be able to
can
opportunity
1. I have some free time. I can help her now.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
I had some free time yesterday. I was able to help her at that time.
3. I'll have some free time tomorrow. I can help her then.
1. I don't have any time. I can't help her  now.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ABLE TO"
I didn't have time yesterday. I wasn't able to help her at that time.
3. I won't have any time later. I can't help her then.
be able to
can
permission
1. I can drive Susan's car when she is out of town.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ALLOWED TO "
I was allowed to drive Susan's car while she was out of town last week.
3. I can drive Susan's car while she is out of town next week.
1. I can't drive Susan's car when she is out of town.
2. SHIFT TO "BE ALLOWED TO "
I wasn't allowed to drive Susan's car while she was out of town last week.
3. I can't drive Susan's car while she is out of town next week.
may
can
request
Can I have a glass of water?
Can you give me a lift to school?
Requests usually refer to the near future.
Can't I have a glass of water?
Can't you give me a lift to school?
Requests usually refer to the near future.
could, may
can
possibility, impossibility
Anyone can become rich and famous if they know the right people.
Learning a language can be a real challenge.
This use is usually a generalization or a supposition.
It can't cost more than a dollar or two.
You can't be 45! I thought you were about 18 years old.
This use is usually a generalization or a supposition.
could 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_modal_verbs 
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Stingy Jack In rural areas





“Halloween, one of the world's oldest holidays, is still celebrated today in several countries around the globe, and has had influences from many cultures over the centuries. The ancient Celtic festival called Samhain is considered by many to be a predecessor of our contemporary Halloween. Samhain was the New Year's Day of the Celts and was celebrated on November 1st. In early Ireland, people gathered at the ritual centers of the tribes, for Samhain was the principal calendar feast of the year. It was a joyful harvest festival that marked the death of the old year and the beginning of a new one. It was also a day of the dead, a time when it was believed that the souls of those who had died during the year were allowed access to the land of the dead. Many traditional beliefs and customs were associated with Samhain. Most notable was that night was the time of the wandering dead, the practice of leaving offerings of food and drink to masked and costumed revelers, and the lighting of bonfires, continued to be practiced on October 31, known as the "Eve of All Saints," the "Eve of All Hallows," or "Hallow Even."”

http://www.inspirationline.com/Brainteaser/halloween.htm 
http://ghostbusters.wikia.com/wiki/Stingy_Jack 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samhain 
http://www.openbible.info/topics/stingy 
http://horrorpedia.com/2014/10/06/jack-o-lantern-folklore-and-tradition/ 

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